We were not able to get a clean result after end-labeling of the RNA (Step-8) like you showed in Figure 2. In our trials, lane 1 and 2 (no antibody controls) were blank, just like what you showed in the figure. But our lane 3 and 4 both have a smear in the entire lane (even below the size of our protein), and the signal in lane 3 (the high RNase treated sample) was only slightly lower than lane 4 (low RNase). There was a band in lane 3 (high RNase) but not lane 4 (low RNase) at the size of our protein, but it was accompanied by significant amount of smear. Do you know why there was so much signal below the size of our protein, and how we can get rid of the smear in the high RNase treated sample?